Manifold.



W. L. IVIORELAND.

MANIFOLD.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 20. 191e.

11,28911868., Patented 1190. 31,1918.

WATT L. MORELAND, OF LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOR 0F ON E-HALF TOMORELAND MOTOR TRUCK COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF CALIFORNIA.

MANIFOLD.

To all whom t may concern Be it known that I, VATT L. MORELAND, acitizen of the United States, residing at Los Angeles, in the county ofLos Angeles and State of California, have invented certain new anduseful Improvements in Manifolds, of which the following is aspecification.

This invention relates to improvements in manifolds, and particularlysuch as afford a combined intake and exhaust manifold structure adaptedt0 being applied directly to the inlet ports of internal combustionengines at their inlet and exhaust valves. The device is particularlyuseful as a distinct article of manufacture adapted to constitute theentire manifold mechanism of the engine, to which it may be applied,with the exception of connections necessary t0 accommodate theparticular kind of carbureters that may be used.

It is an object of the invention to provide a manifold device forinternal combustion engines, the same being provided with an exhaustpassage and an inlet passage and having a surrounding casing adapted toform a heating zone through which air may be initially heated forforming the gaseous mixture with the fuel employed and through whichZone the fuel mixed with the said air is passed for a second heatingthereof.

It is an object of the invention also to provide a manifold affording acombined exhaust and inlet device and having a heat-ing jacket thereon.

It is a further object of the invention to provide a new article ofmanufacture comprising an integral exhaust and inlet manifold memberhaving an inclosing casing for affording a heating zone whereby the airemployed is heated a second time before being admitted with thevaporized fuel into the cylinders of an engine.

With these and otherobjects in view the invention comprises certainnovel constructions, combinations and arrangenients of parts as will behereinafter more fully described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawing forming a part of this specification:

Figure 1 is a side elevation of the improved manifold device,` appliedupon the sides 0f the cylinders of an internal combustion engine, acarbureter being also shown connected with the manifold,

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 31, 1918. Serial No. 85,369.

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal central sectional view taken through the saidmanifold, showing the same upon an enlarged scale.

F1g. 3 is a vertical transverse sectional view taken upon the line 2)*3of Fig. 2.

Fig. i is a similar transverse sectional view taken upon the line l-l ofFig. 2.

Fig. 5 is an enlarged detail view looking at the bottom of the inletportion 0f the carbureter and showing the air inlet valve or controllingdamper or register employed thereon.

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary sectional view taken 0n the line 6 6 0f Fig. 3showing a portion of the intake manifold in plan view.

The device of this invention is designed to provide a manifold memberfor internal combustion engines, having tubular passage ways, one ofwhich communicates with the valve controlled exhaust ports of theengine,

' while the other communicates direct-ly with the valve controlled inletports of the engine, the said tubular exhaust and inlet portions havinga casing or housing surrounding the same and provided with inlets forthe admission of air. The air thus admitted will become heated bypassing around the exhaust piping of the manifold and will also keep thepiping of the inlet manifold thoroughly warm for preventing any coolingor condensing of the gaseous mixtures which will enter the cylinders ofthe engine through the same inlet manifold. Some of the ingredients ofthe mixture used in operating the engine are thus heated a second time,and at the second heating are in a position to enter the cylinders ofthe engine without being again taken out of the heating zone and thussubjected to the exterior cooling influence.

The manifold constructed in accordance with this invention is especiallywell adapted for use where high gravity oils and distillates areemployed for operating gas engines for not only does the air which formsso important a part of the mixture pass through the heated zone. twice,once before mixing and once afterward` but the first heatingfacilitates, the mixing of the air with the fuel and the breaking up ofthe fuel for forming a good gaseous mixture. while the second heating asthe mixture passes through the said Zone completes the thorough mixingof the ingredients and delivers the mixture from said zone directly intothe cylinders without again passing out of the said heating zone. Theuse of this device has in practice demonstrated the .necessity ofdelivering the mixed ingredients in heated and thoroughly gasifiedcondition'to the engines cylinders, when using distillates 0r highgravity petroleum products for opelating the engine and has marked thedifference between Success and failure in this regard.

In the accompanying drawing preferred embodiments of the features of theinvention have been illustrated, and the details thereof will now bemore particularly described, reference being had to the illustration. Inthe said drawing, there is shown an improved manifold device comprisingan exhaust manifold and an inlet manifold inclosed in a casing 8 andapplied directly over the inlet and exhaust ports of an engine 9. Oneendof the exhaust manifold connects with an exhaust pipe 10 which usuallyleads to a mufiier, not shown. The bottom portion of the casing isprovided with qan openingat 11 which is connected with a connecting pipe12.which extends from said opening 11 to the inlet portion 13 of acarbureter 14. The said casing 8 is also provided with an inlet opening15 which leads into the inlet manifold 16 and having a connection member17 applied thereto and connecting the same with the outlet portion ofthe carbureter 14.. The carbureter may be of anydesired type and isprovided with a fuel supply pipe 18. The casing 8 is formed with itsouter wallsl of ample size to inclosc the tubular exhaust manifoldportion 19 and also the tubular inlet manifold portion 16. The exhaustmanifold portin 19 has branchi 'ing portions extending to openings 20,21,

22 and 23, the walls of the casing 8 being formed to fit against thopenings of the exhaust ports of the engine. The intake manifold 16extends to openings 24 and 25 which are applied directly against theintake ports of the said engine. The outer walls of the casing 8 aremade large enough to entirely inclose the manifolds 16 and 19 so that anair space is maintained almost entirely around the said parts. Thecasing is provided with a series of holes 53. usually in the upperportion thereof through which atmospheric air may enter the casing. Theair entering this casing is thoroughly heated b v passing around theexhaust manifold and the air in turn warms and keeps thoroughly heatedthel intake manifold 16. The heated air passes through the pipe 12 so asto enter the carbureter and form with the incoming distillate and otherfuel a gaseous mixture in the usual way. The mixture then passesupwardly through the connection piping- 17 and into the heating zonewithin the casing 8 before it reaches the cylinders of the en'- ginewhereby the mixture. is more thoroughly vaporized. The openings 20. 21,22, 23, 24, and 25 are in one face of the casing 8 and adapted yto beapplied directly against the apertured walls of the engine cylinders asclearly shown in Figs. 3 and 4 of the drawing. One or more bolts orscrews 26 are passed through portions of the casing and into threadedholes properly located in the adjacent cylinder walls, for binding thecasing in position over the ports of the engine. To modify the heat ofthe air which enters the carbureter through the pipe 12, an air inletopening or openings 27 may be formed in the bottom of the inlet portion13 of said carbureter the said openings being controlled by a'pivoteddamper or register member 28 which is pivoted in position upon thecarbureter as indicated in Figs. 1 and 8. Said damper or register isprovided with openings 29 which may be moved over openings 27 to agreater or less extent and according to the amount of atmospheric air itis desired to introduce at this point. A knob or handle 30 on saiddamper or register is provided for facilitating the adjustment thereof.

It will be observed that the manifold member is a complete integralarticle of manufacture and employs all of the exhaust and inlet manifoldstructures whereby a. superior result in the breaking up of liquid fuelsand a complete and substantially perfect vapor-ization thereof andmixing therewith of air is accomplished. YIt will be understood that themanifold may be changed in shape to accommodate it to engines ofdifferent sizes and engines having any desired number of cylinderswithout departing in the least from the spirit of the invention.

What is claimed is:

1. A manifold head for internal combustion engines comprising a castingof tubular form having a longitudinal plane side attachable to the sideof the motor` head and having a line of ports. the casting havinglongitudinal, laterally parallel exhaust and intake tubes spacedthroughout from the shell of the head and each having branches leadingand attached to the side at the ports, the bottom of the shell havingported means for attachment of an Aoutlet air pipe, the

shell being perforated adjacent to the longitudinal side of the exhausttube for admission of fresh air, the integrality of the headfacilitating the heating of the ,air drawn through, the intake tubehaving ported connection to the shell for attachment to a carbureter. v

2. As a new article of manufacture, an elongated integral manifoldmember having spaced upper and lower exhaust and intake tubes and aninclosing casing forming an air chamber about the said tubes. saidcasing having a face at one. side for adjustment against an engine head,and branches from said tubes leading to said face.

opposite upper and lower portions, and av fuel inlet at the bottom ofthe casing and connectedV to the intake manifold.

5. An integral combined inlet and exhaust manifold member adapted to beinterposed between the cylinders of an engine and a carbureter, havingseparated intake and exhaust manifolds, a casing surrounding themanifolds,and provided with an air inlet and an air outlet,respectively, at the outer-v most points on the jacket.

6. An integral manifold memberfor internal combustion engines having anouter casing formingan air chamber for maintaining a heated zone, anexhaust pipe therein extending fromend to end thereof and spaced fromthe wallsof the casing, and a fuel inlet manifold parallel to the pipeand arranged within and spaced from the walls of the casing, throughwhich latter air for carbureter purposes may be passed from the intakeapertures in the wall adjacent the longitudinal surface of the pipe.

7. A preheating manifold head comprising a tubular casing for thecirculation of air and having a ported face plate on one side forapplication to an engine, the casing having elongated, upper and lowerparallel portions, parallel exhaust and intake tubes in the upper andlower portions of said casing,l the ends of the upper tube merging intothe downwardly curved ends or" the casing, said intake having a centralintake connection with the bottom of the casing.

S. A preheating manifold head comprising a tubular casing for thecirculation of air and having a ported face plate on one side forapplication to an engine, the casing having elongated, upper and lowerparallel portions and being wider than said plate, parallel exhaust andintake tubes in the upper and lower portions of said casing, the ends ofthe upper tube merging into the downwardly curved ends of the casing,said intake having a central intake connection with the bottom of thecasing.

9. A preheating manifold head comprising a tubular casing for thecirculation of air and having a face platewith ports arranged in a lineon one side for application to an engine, the casing having elongated,upper and lower parallel portions and being wider than said plate, theupper portion curving down, parallel exhaust and intake tubes concentricto and in the upper and lower portions of said casing, the ends of theupper .tube merging into the downwardly curved ends of the casing, saidintake having a central intake connection with the bottom of the casing,the latter having in its bottom an air outlet connection to acarbureter1 and in its top and above the exhaust tube, inlet aperturesfor air.

l0. A preheating manifold casting com prising a ported face plate toregister with the inlet and outlet ports of an internal .combustionengine, an exhaust tube connected parallel to the plate by downwardlyand outwardly curved branches, an intake tube arranged outwardly beyond,below, and parallel to the exhaust tube and connected to theplate byupward and outwardly curved branches, and a tubular casing havinglongitudinally extending upper and lower olset portions concentric tothe tubes, the casing having a longitudinal series of air inlets abovethe-top of the exhaust tube, and supply'and return ports connectible toa carbureter. f

ll. In combination with the cylinders of an internal combustion engine,a carbureter, a manifold device comprising a housing forming a hot airchamber'. having an ex- Tlhaust manifold passage spaced from andsurrounded by the wall thereof, and provided with openings at one sideadapted to be applied to the exhaust ports of the cylinder, said passagehaving an outlet for the exterior discharge of exhaust products, saidmanifold also having and surrounding an inlet manifold passage spacedfrom its walls and having branch portions adapted to be applied over theinlet ports of said cylinders,

'the housing having an air outlet opening,

and piping' joining the manifold'to the inlet and outlet portions of thecarbureter, the structure being such that heated air 'may be taken fromthe housing, and used for forming explosive mixtures in the carbureter,said mixtures being then returned through the heated manifold anddelivered into the cylinders of the engine. v

ln testimony whereof, l have hereunto set my hand in presence of twowitnesses.

WATT L. MORELAND.

Witnesses CAssELL SEVERANCE, EARLE' R. POLLARD.

